Stockholm is the capital of Sweden, a city built across fourteen islands where Lake Mälaren empties into the brackish Baltic Sea.
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Copenhagen is the capital of Denmark, set in eastern Denmark on the island of Zealand, facing the Øresund strait toward Sweden.
Oslo is Norway's capital, set at the head of its fjord in south-eastern Norway, the Østlandet region.
Göteborg is Sweden's second-largest city, a major port on the west coast where the Göta älv river meets the Kattegat.
Malmö is the largest city in Skåne and the third-largest in Sweden, a port on the Öresund strait facing Copenhagen across the water.
Bergen is Norway's second city, a Hanseatic port set among fjords and mountains in western Vestland.
Aarhus is a harbour city in central Denmark, on the Jutland peninsula, the country's second city.
Trondheim is a cathedral city in central Norway, set where the Nidelva bends into the Trondheimsfjord beneath the spires of Nidarosdomen.
Odense is the old cathedral city of the island of Funen, in central Denmark, birthplace of Hans Christian Andersen.
Uppsala is the seat of Uppsala County in eastern Sweden, a cathedral-and-university city on the Fyrisån where Sweden's oldest learning took root.
Linköping is a cathedral city in central Östergötland County, the county seat and a university and aviation centre on the Östgöta plain.
Örebro is an inland city in the eastern part of Örebro County, in central Sweden, seat of its county and a castle town on the Svartån river.